Antioxidant
generalA compound that protects cells from damage by free radicals (unstable molecules from metabolism and environmental toxins).
Definition
A compound that protects cells from damage by free radicals (unstable molecules from metabolism and environmental toxins). Includes vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and polyphenols.
ํญ์ฐํ์ (Antioxidant)๋ ๋ฌด์์ธ๊ฐ์?
ํญ์ฐํ์ (Antioxidant)๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ์์ ์ฐํ๋ฅผ ์ต์ ํ๋ ๋ชจ๋ ๋ถ์๋ฅผ ๋งํฉ๋๋ค. ์๋ฌผํ์์ ์ฐํ๋ ์์ ๋ผ๋์นผ(free radical) โ ์ง์ ์ด๋ฃจ์ง ์์ ์ ์๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง ๋ถ์์ ํ ์์ ๋๋ ๋ถ์๋ก, ์ฐํ ์คํธ๋ ์ค๋ผ ๋ถ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ฐ์ ๋ฐ์์ผ๋ก ์ธํฌ, ๋จ๋ฐฑ์ง, ์ง์ง, DNA์ ์์์ ์ค ์ ์์ต๋๋ค โ ์ ์์ฑํฉ๋๋ค. ํญ์ฐํ์ ๋ ์์ ์ด ๋ฐ์์ฑ์ด ๋์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด์ ์์ ๋ผ๋์นผ์ ์ ์๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ฆํ์ฌ ์ด ์์ ์ฐ์๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋จํฉ๋๋ค.
์์ ๋ผ๋์นผ์ ์ ์์ ์ธ ๋์ฌ, ๋ฉด์ญ ๋ฐ์, ์ด๋ ์ค ์์ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ์์ฑ๋๋ฉฐ, ํก์ฐ, ๋๊ธฐ ์ค์ผ, ์์ธ์ , ์์ฝ์ฌ ์ญ์ทจ์ ์ํด ์ฆ๊ฐํฉ๋๋ค.
์ข ๋ฅ ๋ฐ ์์ด ๊ธ์
ํญ์ฐํ์ ์๋ ๋นํ๋ฏผ, ๋ฏธ๋ค๋, ํ์ดํ ์ผ๋ฏธ์ปฌ(phytochemical)์ด ํฌํจ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์ฃผ์ ์์๋ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ต๋๋ค.
- ๋นํ๋ฏผ C: ๊ฐ๊ทค๋ฅ, ํํ๋ฆฌ์นด, ํค์, ๋ธ๋ก์ฝ๋ฆฌ์ ํจ์ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์์ฉ์ฑ์ผ๋ก ์ธํฌ์ ์์ฑ ๊ตฌํ์ ๋ณดํธํฉ๋๋ค.
- ๋นํ๋ฏผ E: ํด๋ฐ๋ผ๊ธฐ์จ, ์๋ชฌ๋, ๋ฐ๋ฐฐ์์ ์ ํจ์ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์ง์ฉ์ฑ์ผ๋ก ์ธํฌ๋ง์ ๋ณดํธํฉ๋๋ค.
- ๋ฒ ํ์นด๋กํด(Beta-carotene): ๋น๊ทผ, ๊ณ ๊ตฌ๋ง, ์์ฑ์์ ํจ์ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ์ฒด๋ด์์ ๋นํ๋ฏผ A๋ก ์ ํ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
- ์ ๋ ๋(Selenium): ๋ธ๋ผ์ง๋ํธ, ํด์ฐ๋ฌผ, ํต๊ณก๋ฌผ์ ํจ์ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ๊ธ๋ฃจํํฐ์จ ๊ณผ์ฐํํจ์(glutathione peroxidase) ํจ์์ ์ฑ๋ถ์ ๋๋ค.
- ํด๋ฆฌํ๋ ๋ฐ ํ๋ผ๋ณด๋ ธ์ด๋(Polyphenols and flavonoids): ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅ, ๋ น์ฐจ, ๋คํฌ ์ด์ฝ๋ฆฟ(์นด์นด์ค 70% ์ด์), ๋ ๋ ์์ธ์ ํจ์ ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
๋งฅ๋ฝ ์์ ํญ์ฐํ์
๊ด์ฐฐ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ํญ์ฐํ ์ํ์ ๋์ ์ญ์ทจ์ ์ฌํ๊ด ์งํ ๋ฐ ํน์ ์์ ๋ฎ์ ๋ฐ์๋ฅ ์ ์ผ๊ด๋๊ฒ ์ฐ๊ด์ง์ง๋ง, ๋จ๋ฆฌ๋ ํญ์ฐํ ๋ณด์ถฉ์ ์ ์์ ์ํ์ ํผ์ฌ๋๊ฑฐ๋ ์ค๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฌ ์์ต๋๋ค. ์๋ฅผ ๋ค์ด ๊ณ ์ฉ๋ ๋ฒ ํ์นด๋กํด ๋ณด์ถฉ์ ๋ ๋ ๊ฐ์ ๋๊ท๋ชจ ์ํ์์ ํก์ฐ์์ ํ์ ์ํ์ ์ฆ๊ฐ์์ผฐ์ต๋๋ค. ์ด๋ ํญ์ฐํ์ ๊ฐ ๋จ๋ฆฌ๋ ํํฉ๋ฌผ์ด ์๋๋ผ ํต์ํ์ ๋ณต์กํ ๊ธฐ์ง ๋ด์์ ์ํธ ๋ณด์์ ์ผ๋ก ์์ฉํจ์ ์์ฌํฉ๋๋ค. ์ํ ์ฐ์ ์ ๊ทผ๋ฒ์ด ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ถ๊ณ ๋ก ๋จ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
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Related Terms
Superfood
A marketing term (not a scientific classification) for nutrient-dense foods thought to offer exceptional health benefits.
Organic Food
Food produced without synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, GMOs, or antibiotics.
Vitamin A
A fat-soluble vitamin essential for vision, immune function, and skin health.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
A water-soluble vitamin involved in energy metabolism (converting food to ATP) and antioxidant activity.
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
A water-soluble antioxidant vitamin essential for collagen synthesis, immune function, and iron absorption.
Vitamin E (Tocopherol)
A fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage.
Selenium
A trace mineral and antioxidant component of selenoproteins, essential for thyroid hormone metabolism and immune function.
Methionine
An essential sulfur-containing amino acid that initiates protein synthesis and serves as a precursor for cysteine, taurine, and the antioxidant glutathione.
Phytochemical
Bioactive compounds produced by plants (not essential nutrients) that may offer health benefits.
Inflammation
The immune system's protective response to injury or infection.
Oxidative Stress
An imbalance between free radical production and the body's antioxidant defenses.